bad for kidney...
什麼藥對腎臟不好? 還真是比想像的多多了, 也就是難以記得的意思,如果不注意的話不經意的病人或自己吃下去了還不自知那真的是很不幸,
今天來認識一些nephrotoxin(當然不可能是全部):
外來的:
1.antibiotics
aminoglycosides - gentamycin, amikacin, streptomycin
penicillin - vancomycin, amoxicillin
sulfonamide
rifampicin
acyclovir
2.analgesics
NSAID
3.anesthetics
吸入性的全身麻醉藥 (enflurane, methoxyflurane)
4.chemotherapy drugs
很多(cisplatin)而且有很多新藥需要注意
5.anticonvulsant
lamotrigine, valproate, phenytoin,
*lithium
6.radiocontrast material
7.toxins
aristolochic acid (部分中草藥)
lead, arsenic, cadmium,
ethylene glycol(抗凍劑)
8.bacteria and virus and others
streptococci, TB, legionella......
HIV, CMV, EBV......
syphilis
自體的:
1.hemoglobulin, myoglobulin
像是hemolysis, rhabdomyolysis (造成myoglobulin沈積在glomeruli, 組塞renal tubule)
2.uric acid (crystal)
分成急性crystal(像是做完化療後tumor lysis syndrome)和慢性urate(家族遺傳的juvenile gout, xanthinuria)
3.proteins
autoimmune (SLE, RA, sjogren's syndrome), Igs (myeloma), light chain syndrome
4.hypercalcemia
0 意見:
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